it-know-how/Vim & Neovim/neovim-setup.md

# Neovim IDE Setup Guide

A comprehensive guide to setting up Neovim as a full-featured IDE for Python, Shell scripts, and more using Lua configuration.

## Table of Contents

1. [Prerequisites](#prerequisites)
2. [Directory Structure](#directory-structure)
3. [Configuration Files](#configuration-files)
   - [init.lua](#initlua)
   - [lua/plugins/init.lua](#luapluginsinitlua)
   - [lua/plugins/lsp.lua](#luapluginslsplua)
   - [lua/plugins/dap.lua](#luapluginsdaplua)
   - [lua/plugins/treesitter.lua](#luapluginstreesitterlua)
   - [lua/plugins/telescope.lua](#luapluginstelescopelua)
   - [lua/plugins/nvimtree.lua](#luapluginsnvimtreelua)
   - [lua/plugins/cmp.lua](#luapluginscmplua)
   - [lua/plugins/toggleterm.lua](#luapluginstoggletermlua)
   - [lua/plugins/formatter.lua](#luapluginsformatterlua)
4. [Installing Language Servers](#installing-language-servers)
5. [Keybindings Reference](#keybindings-reference)
6. [First Launch](#first-launch)

---

## Prerequisites

### Install Neovim (v0.9+)

**Ubuntu/Debian:**
```bash
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:neovim-ppa/unstable
sudo apt update
sudo apt install neovim
```

**Fedora:**
```bash
sudo dnf install neovim
```

**Arch Linux:**
```bash
sudo pacman -S neovim
```

**macOS:**
```bash
brew install neovim
```

### Install Required Tools

```bash
# Node.js (for LSP servers via Mason)
curl -fsSL https://fnm.vercel.app/install | bash
source ~/.bashrc
fnm install --latest

# Python (for Python LSP and debugging)
pip install python-lsp-server debugpy

# ripgrep (for telescope live grep)
sudo apt install ripgrep  # Ubuntu
sudo dnf install ripgrep  # Fedora
sudo pacman -S ripgrep    # Arch
brew install ripgrep      # macOS

# git (for plugin installation)
sudo apt install git
```

---

## Directory Structure

Create the following directory structure:

```bash
mkdir -p ~/.config/nvim/lua/plugins
```

Your final structure should look like:

```
~/.config/nvim/
├── init.lua
└── lua/
    └── plugins/
        ├── init.lua
        ├── lsp.lua
        ├── dap.lua
        ├── treesitter.lua
        ├── telescope.lua
        ├── nvimtree.lua
        ├── cmp.lua
        ├── toggleterm.lua
        └── formatter.lua
```

---

## Configuration Files

### ~/.config/nvim/init.lua

Main entry point for Neovim configuration.

```lua
-- Leader key
vim.g.mapleader = " "
vim.g.maplocalleader = " "

-- General settings
vim.opt.number = true
vim.opt.relativenumber = true
vim.opt.tabstop = 4
vim.opt.shiftwidth = 4
vim.opt.expandtab = true
vim.opt.smartindent = true
vim.opt.wrap = false
vim.opt.scrolloff = 8
vim.opt.signcolumn = "yes"
vim.opt.termguicolors = true
vim.opt.cursorline = true

-- Enable clipboard
vim.opt.clipboard = "unnamedplus"

-- Search settings
vim.opt.ignorecase = true
vim.opt.smartcase = true
vim.opt.hlsearch = true

-- Split settings
vim.opt.splitright = true
vim.opt.splitbelow = true

-- Performance
vim.opt.updatetime = 50
vim.opt.timeoutlen = 300

-- Set colorscheme
vim.cmd.colorscheme "tokyonight"

-- Load plugins
require("plugins")

-- Keybindings
local keymap = vim.keymap.set

-- Better window navigation
keymap("n", "<C-h>", "<C-w>h", { desc = "Navigate left" })
keymap("n", "<C-j>", "<C-w>j", { desc = "Navigate down" })
keymap("n", "<C-k>", "<C-w>k", { desc = "Navigate up" })
keymap("n", "<C-l>", "<C-w>l", { desc = "Navigate right" })

-- Resize windows
keymap("n", "<C-Up>", ":resize -2<CR>", { desc = "Resize window up" })
keymap("n", "<C-Down>", ":resize +2<CR>", { desc = "Resize window down" })
keymap("n", "<C-Left>", ":vertical resize -2<CR>", { desc = "Resize window left" })
keymap("n", "<C-Right>", ":vertical resize +2<CR>", { desc = "Resize window right" })

-- Move text up/down
keymap("n", "<A-j>", ":m .+1<CR>==", { desc = "Move line down" })
keymap("n", "<A-k>", ":m .-2<CR>==", { desc = "Move line up" })
keymap("v", "<A-j>", ":m '>+1<CR>gv=gv", { desc = "Move selection down" })
keymap("v", "<A-k>", ":m '<-2<CR>gv=gv", { desc = "Move selection up" })

-- Stay in indent mode
keymap("v", "<", "<gv", { desc = "Indent left" })
keymap("v", ">", ">gv", { desc = "Indent right" })

-- Better paste
keymap("v", "p", '"_dP', { desc = "Paste without yanking" })

-- Clear highlights
keymap("n", "<leader>h", ":nohlsearch<CR>", { desc = "Clear search highlights" })

-- Save and quit
keymap("n", "<leader>w", ":w<CR>", { desc = "Save file" })
keymap("n", "<leader>q", ":q<CR>", { desc = "Quit" })
keymap("n", "<leader>Q", ":qa!<CR>", { desc = "Force quit all" })

-- Toggle options
keymap("n", "<leader>tn", ":set nu!<CR>", { desc = "Toggle line numbers" })
keymap("n", "<leader>tr", ":set rnu!<CR>", { desc = "Toggle relative numbers" })
```

---

### ~/.config/nvim/lua/plugins/init.lua

Plugin manager setup using lazy.nvim.

```lua
-- Bootstrap lazy.nvim
local lazypath = vim.fn.stdpath("data") .. "/lazy/lazy.nvim"
if not vim.loop.fs_stat(lazypath) then
  vim.fn.system({
    "git",
    "clone",
    "--filter=blob:none",
    "https://github.com/folke/lazy.nvim.git",
    "--branch=stable",
    lazypath,
  })
end
vim.opt.rtp:prepend(lazypath)

-- Plugin specifications
require("lazy").setup({
  -- Theme
  { "folke/tokyonight.nvim", lazy = false },

  -- Plugin manager
  { "folke/lazy.nvim", version = "*" },

  -- LSP
  { "neovim/nvim-lspconfig" },
  { "williamboman/mason.nvim" },
  { "williamboman/mason-lspconfig.nvim" },

  -- Autocomplete
  { "hrsh7th/nvim-cmp" },
  { "hrsh7th/cmp-nvim-lsp" },
  { "hrsh7th/cmp-buffer" },
  { "hrsh7th/cmp-path" },
  { "hrsh7th/cmp-cmdline" },
  { "L3MON4D3/LuaSnip" },
  { "saadparwaiz1/cmp_luasnip" },

  -- Treesitter (syntax)
  { "nvim-treesitter/nvim-treesitter", build = ":TSUpdate" },
  { "nvim-treesitter/nvim-treesitter-textobjects" },

  -- Fuzzy finder
  { "nvim-telescope/telescope.nvim", dependencies = { "nvim-lua/plenary.nvim" } },

  -- File tree
  { "nvim-tree/nvim-tree.lua" },
  { "nvim-tree/nvim-web-devicons" },

  -- Terminal
  { "akinsho/toggleterm.nvim" },

  -- Debugging
  { "mfussenegger/nvim-dap" },
  { "rcarriga/nvim-dap-ui" },
  { "theHamsta/nvim-dap-virtual-text" },

  -- Formatters/Linters
  { "nvimtools/none-ls.nvim" },
  { "nvim-lua/plenary.nvim" },

  -- Utility
  { "windwp/nvim-autopairs" },
  { "numToStr/Comment.nvim" },
})
```

---

### ~/.config/nvim/lua/plugins/lsp.lua

LSP configuration for Python and Shell scripts.

```lua
-- Setup Mason (LSP installer)
require("mason").setup({
  ui = {
    border = "rounded",
    icons = {
      package_installed = "✓",
      package_pending = "➜",
      package_uninstalled = "✗",
    },
  },
  log_level = vim.log.levels.INFO,
  max_concurrent_installers = 4,
})

-- LSP config
local lspconfig = require("lspconfig")
local cmp_nvim_lsp = require("cmp_nvim_lsp")

-- Capabilities for autocomplete
local capabilities = cmp_nvim_lsp.default_capabilities()

-- Diagnostic settings
vim.diagnostic.config({
  virtual_text = true,
  signs = true,
  underline = true,
  update_in_insert = false,
  severity_sort = true,
  float = {
    border = "rounded",
    source = true,
  },
})

-- Signs for diagnostics
local signs = { Error = " ", Warn = " ", Hint = "󰠠 ", Info = " " }
for type, icon in pairs(signs) do
  local hl = "DiagnosticSign" .. type
  vim.fn.sign_define(hl, { text = icon, texthl = hl, numhl = "" })
end

-- LSP handlers
vim.lsp.handlers["textDocument/hover"] = vim.lsp.with(vim.lsp.handlers.hover, {
  border = "rounded",
})

vim.lsp.handlers["textDocument/signatureHelp"] = vim.lsp.with(vim.lsp.handlers.signature_help, {
  border = "rounded",
})

-- LSP Keybindings
local function lsp_keymaps(bufnr)
  local opts = { buffer = bufnr, silent = true }

  vim.keymap.set("n", "gd", vim.lsp.buf.definition, opts)
  vim.keymap.set("n", "gD", vim.lsp.buf.declaration, opts)
  vim.keymap.set("n", "gi", vim.lsp.buf.implementation, opts)
  vim.keymap.set("n", "gr", vim.lsp.buf.references, opts)
  vim.keymap.set("n", "K", vim.lsp.buf.hover, opts)
  vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>rn", vim.lsp.buf.rename, opts)
  vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>ca", vim.lsp.buf.code_action, opts)
  vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>e", vim.diagnostic.open_float, opts)
  vim.keymap.set("n", "[d", vim.diagnostic.goto_prev, opts)
  vim.keymap.set("n", "]d", vim.diagnostic.goto_next, opts)
end

-- Python LSP
lspconfig.pyright.setup({
  capabilities = capabilities,
  on_attach = function(client, bufnr)
    lsp_keymaps(bufnr)
    -- Disable virtual text for python if needed
    -- client.server_capabilities.semanticTokensProvider = nil
  end,
  settings = {
    python = {
      analysis = {
        typeCheckingMode = "basic",
        autoSearchPaths = true,
        useLibraryCodeForTypes = true,
      },
    },
  },
})

-- Bash LSP
lspconfig.bashls.setup({
  capabilities = capabilities,
  on_attach = function(client, bufnr)
    lsp_keymaps(bufnr)
  end,
})

-- HTML, CSS, JSON (optional)
lspconfig.html.setup({
  capabilities = capabilities,
  on_attach = lsp_keymaps,
})

lspconfig.jsonls.setup({
  capabilities = capabilities,
  on_attach = lsp_keymaps,
})

-- Lua LSP (for neovim config editing)
lspconfig.lua_ls.setup({
  capabilities = capabilities,
  on_attach = function(client, bufnr)
    lsp_keymaps(bufnr)
  end,
  settings = {
    Lua = {
      runtime = {
        version = "LuaJIT",
      },
      diagnostics = {
        globals = { "vim" },
      },
      workspace = {
        library = vim.api.nvim_get_runtime_file("", true),
        checkThirdParty = false,
      },
      telemetry = {
        enable = false,
      },
    },
  },
})

-- Setup Mason LSP config
require("mason-lspconfig").setup({
  ensure_installed = {
    "pyright",
    "bashls",
    "html",
    "jsonls",
    "lua_ls",
  },
  handlers = {
    function(server_name)
      require("lspconfig")[server_name].setup({
        capabilities = capabilities,
      })
    end,
  },
})
```

---

### ~/.config/nvim/lua/plugins/dap.lua

Debug Adapter Protocol configuration for debugging Python.

```lua
local dap = require("dap")
local dapui = require("dapui")

-- Setup DAP UI
dapui.setup({
  icons = { expanded = "▾", collapsed = "▸", current_frame = "▸" },
  mappings = {
    expand = { "<CR>", "<2-LeftMouse>" },
    open = "o",
    remove = "d",
    edit = "e",
    repl = "r",
    toggle = "t",
  },
  expand_lines = vim.fn.has("nvim-0.7") == 1,
  layouts = {
    {
      elements = {
        { id = "scopes", size = 0.25 },
        { id = "breakpoints", size = 0.25 },
        { id = "stacks", size = 0.25 },
        { id = "watches", size = 0.25 },
      },
      size = 0.25,
      position = "right",
    },
    {
      elements = {
        { id = "repl", size = 0.5 },
        { id = "console", size = 0.5 },
      },
      position = "bottom",
      size = 0.25,
    },
  },
  floating = {
    max_height = nil,
    max_width = nil,
    border = "rounded",
    mappings = {
      close = { "q", "<Esc>" },
    },
  },
  windows = { indent = 1 },
})

-- Open DAP UI automatically
dap.listeners.after.event_initialized["dapui_config"] = function()
  dapui.open()
end
dap.listeners.before.event_terminated["dapui_config"] = function()
  dapui.close()
end
dap.listeners.before.event_exited["dapui_config"] = function()
  dapui.close()
end

-- Python debug adapter configuration
 dap.configurations.python = {
  {
    type = "python",
    request = "launch",
    name = "Launch file",
    program = "${file}",
    pythonPath = function()
      return vim.fn.exepath("python3") or "python"
    end,
  },
  {
    type = "python",
    request = "launch",
    name = "Debug current file (integrated terminal)",
    program = "${file}",
    console = "integratedTerminal",
    pythonPath = function()
      return vim.fn.exepath("python3") or "python"
    end,
  },
  {
    type = "python",
    request = "launch",
    name = "Debug with arguments",
    program = "${file}",
    args = function()
      local args = vim.fn.input("Args: ", ""):split(" ")
      return args
    end,
    console = "integratedTerminal",
    pythonPath = function()
      return vim.fn.exepath("python3") or "python"
    end,
  },
}

-- DAP keybindings
vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>db", dap.toggle_breakpoint, { desc = "Toggle breakpoint" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>dc", dap.continue, { desc = "Continue" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>ds", dap.step_over, { desc = "Step over" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>di", dap.step_into, { desc = "Step into" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>do", dap.step_out, { desc = "Step out" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>dr", dap.repl.open, { desc = "Open REPL" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>dl", dap.run_last, { desc = "Run last debug config" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>du", dapui.toggle, { desc = "Toggle DAP UI" })
```

---

### ~/.config/nvim/lua/plugins/treesitter.lua

Treesitter configuration for syntax highlighting.

```lua
require("nvim-treesitter.configs").setup({
  ensure_installed = {
    "python",
    "bash",
    "lua",
    "html",
    "css",
    "javascript",
    "typescript",
    "json",
    "yaml",
    "markdown",
    "markdown_inline",
    "go",
    "rust",
    "c",
    "cpp",
  },
  sync_install = false,
  auto_install = true,
  highlight = {
    enable = true,
    additional_vim_regex_highlighting = false,
  },
  indent = {
    enable = true,
  },
  textobjects = {
    select = {
      enable = true,
      lookahead = true,
      keymaps = {
        ["af"] = "@function.outer",
        ["if"] = "@function.inner",
        ["ac"] = "@class.outer",
        ["ic"] = "@class.inner",
        ["aa"] = "@parameter.outer",
        ["ia"] = "@parameter.inner",
      },
    },
    move = {
      enable = true,
      set_jumps = true,
      goto_next_start = {
        ["]f"] = "@function.outer",
        ["]c"] = "@class.outer",
      },
      goto_next_end = {
        ["]F"] = "@function.outer",
        ["]C"] = "@class.outer",
      },
      goto_previous_start = {
        ["[f"] = "@function.outer",
        ["[c"] = "@class.outer",
      },
      goto_previous_end = {
        ["[F"] = "@function.outer",
        ["[C"] = "@class.outer",
      },
    },
    swap = {
      enable = true,
      swap_next = {
        ["<leader>sp"] = "@parameter.inner",
      },
      swap_previous = {
        ["<leader>sP"] = "@parameter.inner",
      },
    },
  },
})
```

---

### ~/.config/nvim/lua/plugins/telescope.lua

Telescope fuzzy finder configuration.

```lua
local telescope = require("telescope")
local actions = require("telescope.actions")

telescope.setup({
  defaults = {
    prompt_prefix = "  ",
    selection_caret = "  ",
    path_display = { "truncate" },
    sorting_strategy = "ascending",
    layout_strategy = "horizontal",
    layout_config = {
      horizontal = {
        prompt_position = "top",
        preview_width = 0.55,
        results_width = 0.8,
      },
      vertical = {
        mirror = false,
      },
      width = 0.87,
      height = 0.80,
      preview_cutoff = 120,
    },
    mappings = {
      i = {
        ["<C-n>"] = actions.cycle_history_next,
        ["<C-p>"] = actions.cycle_history_prev,
        ["<C-j>"] = actions.move_selection_next,
        ["<C-k>"] = actions.move_selection_previous,
        ["<C-c>"] = actions.close,
        ["<Down>"] = actions.move_selection_next,
        ["<Up>"] = actions.move_selection_previous,
        ["<CR>"] = actions.select_default,
        ["<C-x>"] = actions.select_horizontal,
        ["<C-v>"] = actions.select_vertical,
        ["<C-t>"] = actions.select_tab,
        ["<C-u>"] = actions.preview_scrolling_up,
        ["<C-d>"] = actions.preview_scrolling_down,
      },
      n = {
        ["<esc>"] = actions.close,
        ["<CR>"] = actions.select_default,
        ["<C-x>"] = actions.select_horizontal,
        ["<C-v>"] = actions.select_vertical,
        ["<C-t>"] = actions.select_tab,
        ["j"] = actions.move_selection_next,
        ["k"] = actions.move_selection_previous,
        ["H"] = actions.move_to_top,
        ["M"] = actions.move_to_middle,
        ["L"] = actions.move_to_bottom,
        ["gg"] = actions.move_to_top,
        ["G"] = actions.move_to_bottom,
        ["<C-u>"] = actions.preview_scrolling_up,
        ["<C-d>"] = actions.preview_scrolling_down,
      },
    },
  },
  pickers = {
    find_files = {
      theme = "dropdown",
      previewer = false,
    },
    live_grep = {
      theme = "ivy",
    },
    buffers = {
      theme = "dropdown",
      previewer = false,
    },
  },
})

-- Load telescope extensions
pcall(telescope.load_extension, "fzf")

-- Telescope keybindings
local builtin = require("telescope.builtin")
vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>ff", builtin.find_files, { desc = "Find files" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>fg", builtin.live_grep, { desc = "Live grep" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>fb", builtin.buffers, { desc = "Find buffers" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>fh", builtin.help_tags, { desc = "Help tags" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>fr", builtin.oldfiles, { desc = "Recent files" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>fc", builtin.grep_string, { desc = "Grep string under cursor" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>fd", builtin.diagnostics, { desc = "Find diagnostics" })
```

---

### ~/.config/nvim/lua/plugins/nvimtree.lua

File tree configuration.

```lua
require("nvim-tree").setup({
  on_attach = function(bufnr)
    local api = require("nvim-tree.api")

    local function opts(desc)
      return { desc = "nvim-tree: " .. desc, buffer = bufnr, noremap = true, silent = true, nowait = true }
    end

    vim.keymap.set("n", "<CR>", api.node.open.edit, opts("Open"))
    vim.keymap.set("n", "<Tab>", api.node.open.preview, opts("Open Preview"))
    vim.keymap.set("n", ">", api.node.navigate.sibling.next, opts("Next Sibling"))
    vim.keymap.set("n", "<", api.node.navigate.sibling.prev, opts("Previous Sibling"))
    vim.keymap.set("n", ".", api.node.run.cmd, opts("Run Command"))
    vim.keymap.set("n", "-", api.tree.change_root_to_parent, opts("Up"))
    vim.keymap.set("n", "a", api.fs.create, opts("Create File"))
    vim.keymap.set("n", "bd", api.node.mbx.trash, opts("Trash"))
    vim.keymap.set("n", "bn", api.fs.rename, opts("Rename"))
    vim.keymap.set("n", "bmv", api.fs.rename_basename, opts("Rename: Basename"))
    vim.keymap.set("n", "bt", api.fs.copy.node_to_clipboard, opts("Copy To Clipboard"))
    vim.keymap.set("n", "bp", api.fs.paste_from_clipboard, opts("Paste From Clipboard"))
    vim.keymap.set("n", "q", api.tree.close, opts("Close"))
    vim.keymap.set("n", "R", api.tree.reload, opts("Refresh"))
    vim.keymap.set("n", "f", api.live_filter.start, opts("Filter"))
    vim.keymap.set("n", "F", api.live_filter.clear, opts("Clean Filter"))
    vim.keymap.set("n", "g?", api.tree.toggle_help, opts("Help"))
    vim.keymap.set("n", "W", api.tree.collapse_all, opts("Collapse"))
    vim.keymap.set("n", "E", api.tree.expand_all, opts("Expand All"))
    vim.keymap.set("n", "S", api.node.search.manual, opts("Search"))
    vim.keymap.set("n", "U", api.tree.toggle_custom_filter, opts("Toggle Filter"))
    vim.keymap.set("n", "]", api.node.navigate.diagnostics.next, opts("Next Diagnostic"))
    vim.keymap.set("n", "[", api.node.navigate.diagnostics.prev, opts("Prev Diagnostic"))
  end,
  sort_by = "case_sensitive",
  view = {
    width = 30,
    hide_root_folder = false,
    side = "left",
    number = false,
    relativenumber = false,
    signcolumn = "yes",
  },
  renderer = {
    group_empty = true,
    indent_width = 1,
    indent_markers = {
      enable = true,
      inline_arrows = true,
      icons = {
        corner = "└",
        edge = "│",
        item = "│",
        bottom = "─",
        none = " ",
      },
    },
    icons = {
      webdev_colors = true,
      git_placement = "after",
      padding = " ",
      symlink_arrow = " ➛ ",
      show = {
        file = true,
        folder = true,
        folder_arrow = true,
        git = true,
      },
      glyphs = {
        default = " ",
        symlink = "S",
        bookmark = "B",
        folder = {
          arrow_closed = "▸",
          arrow_open = "▾",
          default = "D",
          open = "D",
          empty = "E",
          empty_open = "E",
          symlink = "S",
          symlink_open = "S",
        },
        git = {
          unstaged = "✗",
          staged = "✓",
          unmerged = "✦",
          renamed = "➜",
          untracked = "★",
          ignored = "◌",
        },
      },
    },
  },
  filters = {
    dotfiles = false,
    git_clean = false,
    no_buffer = false,
    custom = { "node_modules", ".cache", "__pycache__" },
    exclude = {},
  },
  actions = {
    use_system_clipboard = true,
    change_dir = {
      enable = true,
      global = false,
      restrict_above_cwd = false,
    },
    file_popup = {
      open_win_config = {
        col = 1,
        row = 1,
        relative = "cursor",
        border = "shadow",
        style = "minimal",
      },
    },
    open_file = {
      quit_on_open = false,
      resize_window = true,
      window_picker = {
        enable = true,
        chars = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ1234567890",
        exclude = {
          filetype = { "notify", "packer", "qf", "diff", "fugitive", "Outline" },
          buftype = { "terminal", "help" },
        },
      },
    },
    remove_file = {
      close_buffer = true,
    },
  },
  trash = {
    cmd = "trash",
  },
})

-- Nvim-tree keybindings
vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>e", ":NvimTreeToggle<CR>", { desc = "Toggle file tree" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>o", ":NvimTreeFocus<CR>", { desc = "Focus file tree" })
```

---

### ~/.config/nvim/lua/plugins/cmp.lua

Autocomplete configuration.

```lua
local cmp = require("cmp")
local luasnip = require("luasnip")

require("luasnip.loaders.from_vscode").lazy_load()

local has_words_before = function()
  local line, col = unpack(vim.api.nvim_win_get_cursor(0))
  return col ~= 0 and vim.api.nvim_buf_get_lines(0, line - 1, line, true)[1]:sub(col, col):match("%s") == nil
end

cmp.setup({
  snippet = {
    expand = function(args)
      luasnip.lsp_expand(args.body)
    end,
  },
  mapping = cmp.mapping.preset.insert({
    ["<C-b>"] = cmp.mapping.scroll_docs(-4),
    ["<C-f>"] = cmp.mapping.scroll_docs(4),
    ["<C-Space>"] = cmp.mapping.complete(),
    ["<C-e>"] = cmp.mapping.abort(),
    ["<CR>"] = cmp.mapping.confirm({ select = true }),
    ["<Tab>"] = cmp.mapping(function(fallback)
      if cmp.visible() then
        cmp.select_next_item()
      elseif luasnip.expand_or_jumpable() then
        luasnip.expand_or_jump()
      elseif has_words_before() then
        cmp.complete()
      else
        fallback()
      end
    end, { "i", "s" }),
    ["<S-Tab>"] = cmp.mapping(function(fallback)
      if cmp.visible() then
        cmp.select_prev_item()
      elseif luasnip.jumpable(-1) then
        luasnip.jump(-1)
      else
        fallback()
      end
    end, { "i", "s" }),
  }),
  sources = cmp.config.sources({
    { name = "nvim_lsp" },
    { name = "luasnip" },
    { name = "path" },
  }, {
    { name = "buffer", keyword_length = 3 },
  }),
  formatting = {
    fields = { "kind", "abbr", "menu" },
    format = function(entry, vim_item)
      local kind_icons = {
        Text = "󰉿",
        Method = "󰆧",
        Function = "󰊕",
        Constructor = "",
        Field = "󰇽",
        Variable = "󰀡",
        Class = "󰠱",
        Interface = "",
        Module = "",
        Property = "󰜢",
        Unit = "󰑭",
        Value = "󰎠",
        Enum = "",
        Keyword = "󰌋",
        Snippet = "",
        Color = "󰏘",
        File = "󰈙",
        Reference = "󰈇",
        Folder = "󰉋",
        EnumMember = "",
        Constant = "󰏿",
        Struct = "󰙅",
        Event = "",
        Operator = "󰆕",
        TypeParameter = "",
      }
      vim_item.kind = string.format("%s %s", kind_icons[vim_item.kind], vim_item.kind)
      vim_item.menu = ({
        nvim_lsp = "[LSP]",
        luasnip = "[Snip]",
        buffer = "[Buf]",
        path = "[Path]",
      })[entry.source.name]
      return vim_item
    end,
  },
  window = {
    completion = cmp.config.window.bordered(),
    documentation = cmp.config.window.bordered(),
  },
})

-- Command line completion
cmp.setup.cmdline(":", {
  mapping = cmp.mapping.preset.cmdline(),
  sources = cmp.config.sources({
    { name = "path" },
  }, {
    { name = "cmdline" },
  }),
})

cmp.setup.cmdline("/", {
  mapping = cmp.mapping.preset.cmdline(),
  sources = {
    { name = "buffer" },
  },
})
```

---

### ~/.config/nvim/lua/plugins/toggleterm.lua

Integrated terminal configuration.

```lua
require("toggleterm").setup({
  size = function(term)
    if term.direction == "horizontal" then
      return 15
    elseif term.direction == "vertical" then
      return vim.o.columns * 0.4
    end
  end,
  open_mapping = [[<c-\>]],
  hide_numbers = true,
  shade_filetypes = {},
  shade_terminals = true,
  shading_factor = 2,
  start_in_insert = true,
  insert_mappings = true,
  terminal_mappings = true,
  persist_size = true,
  direction = "float",
  close_on_exit = true,
  shell = vim.o.shell,
  float_opts = {
    border = "curved",
    winblend = 0,
    highlights = {
      border = "Normal",
      background = "Normal",
    },
  },
})

-- Terminal keybindings
local Terminal = require("toggleterm.terminal").Terminal

local lazygit = Terminal:new({
  cmd = "lazygit",
  hidden = true,
  direction = "float",
  float_opts = {
    border = "curved",
  },
})

function _lazygit_toggle()
  lazygit:toggle()
end

vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>gg", "<cmd>lua _lazygit_toggle()<CR>", { desc = "Toggle lazygit" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>tf", "<cmd>ToggleTerm direction=float<CR>", { desc = "Toggle float terminal" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>th", "<cmd>ToggleTerm direction=horizontal<CR>", { desc = "Toggle horizontal terminal" })
vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>tv", "<cmd>ToggleTerm direction=vertical<CR>", { desc = "Toggle vertical terminal" })
```

---

### ~/.config/nvim/lua/plugins/formatter.lua

Formatter and linter configuration using none-ls.

```lua
local null_ls = require("null-ls")
local formatting = null_ls.builtins.formatting
local diagnostics = null_ls.builtins.diagnostics

null_ls.setup({
  debug = false,
  sources = {
    -- Python
    formatting.black,
    formatting.isort,
    diagnostics.pylint,
    diagnostics.mypy,

    -- Shell
    formatting.shfmt,
    diagnostics.shellcheck,

    -- Lua
    formatting.stylua,

    -- JavaScript/TypeScript
    formatting.prettier,
    formatting.eslint_d,

    -- JSON/YAML
    formatting.jsonlint,
    formatting.yamllint,
  },
  on_attach = function(client, bufnr)
    if client.supports_method("textDocument/formatting") then
      vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>f", function()
        vim.lsp.buf.format({ async = false })
      end, { buffer = bufnr, desc = "Format buffer" })
    end
  end,
})

-- Formatter keybindings
vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>f", vim.lsp.buf.format, { desc = "Format buffer" })
```

---

## Installing Language Servers

After launching Neovim for the first time with this configuration:

1. Open Neovim: `nvim`
2. Wait for lazy.nvim to install all plugins (this may take a few minutes)
3. After plugins are installed, install language servers:
   - Press `<leader>ms` to open Mason (or run `:Mason`)
   - Install the following:
     - `pyright` (Python)
     - `bash-language-server` (Shell/Bash)
     - `lua-language-server` (Lua)
     - `html-lsp` (HTML)
     - `json-lsp` (JSON)
     - `prettier` (Formatting)
     - `shellcheck` (Shell linting)
     - `shfmt` (Shell formatting)
     - `black` (Python formatting)
     - `mypy` (Python type checking)

---

## Keybindings Reference

### General
| Keybinding | Action |
|------------|--------|
| `<Space>` | Leader key |
| `<leader>h` | Clear search highlights |
| `<leader>w` | Save file |
| `<leader>q` | Quit |
| `<leader>tn` | Toggle line numbers |
| `<leader>tr` | Toggle relative numbers |

### Window Navigation
| Keybinding | Action |
|------------|--------|
| `<C-h>` | Navigate left |
| `<C-j>` | Navigate down |
| `<C-k>` | Navigate up |
| `<C-l>` | Navigate right |
| `<C-Up>` | Resize window up |
| `<C-Down>` | Resize window down |
| `<C-Left>` | Resize window left |
| `<C-Right>` | Resize window right |

### Telescope (Fuzzy Finder)
| Keybinding | Action |
|------------|--------|
| `<leader>ff` | Find files |
| `<leader>fg` | Live grep |
| `<leader>fb` | Find buffers |
| `<leader>fh` | Help tags |
| `<leader>fr` | Recent files |
| `<leader>fc` | Grep string under cursor |
| `<leader>fd` | Find diagnostics |

### NvimTree (File Tree)
| Keybinding | Action |
|------------|--------|
| `<leader>e` | Toggle file tree |
| `<leader>o` | Focus file tree |

### LSP
| Keybinding | Action |
|------------|--------|
| `gd` | Go to definition |
| `gD` | Go to declaration |
| `gi` | Go to implementation |
| `gr` | Go to references |
| `K` | Hover |
| `<leader>rn` | Rename |
| `<leader>ca` | Code actions |
| `<leader>e` | Show diagnostics |
| `[d` | Previous diagnostic |
| `]d` | Next diagnostic |

### Debugging (DAP)
| Keybinding | Action |
|------------|--------|
| `<leader>db` | Toggle breakpoint |
| `<leader>dc` | Continue |
| `<leader>ds` | Step over |
| `<leader>di` | Step into |
| `<leader>do` | Step out |
| `<leader>dr` | Open REPL |
| `<leader>dl` | Run last debug config |
| `<leader>du` | Toggle DAP UI |

### Terminal
| Keybinding | Action |
|------------|--------|
| `<C-\>` | Toggle terminal |
| `<leader>tf` | Toggle float terminal |
| `<leader>th` | Toggle horizontal terminal |
| `<leader>tv` | Toggle vertical terminal |
| `<leader>gg` | Toggle lazygit |

### Treesitter (Textobjects)
| Keybinding | Action |
|------------|--------|
| `af` | Select function (outer) |
| `if` | Select function (inner) |
| `ac` | Select class (outer) |
| `ic` | Select class (inner) |
| `aa` | Select parameter (outer) |
| `ia` | Select parameter (inner) |

---

## First Launch

1. **Launch Neovim:**
   ```bash
   nvim
   ```

2. **Wait for plugin installation:**
   - Lazy.nvim will automatically install all plugins
   - You'll see progress in the statusline

3. **Install language servers:**
   - Run `:Mason` or press `<leader>ms`
   - Install the servers listed above

4. **Verify installation:**
   - For Python: Open a `.py` file and run `:LspInfo`
   - Run `:checkhealth` to see overall status

5. **Optional: Install additional tools:**
   ```bash
   # For Python debugging
   pip install debugpy

   # For shell linting
   pip install shellcheck-py

   # For lazygit (optional but recommended)
   brew install lazygit  # macOS
   sudo apt install lazygit  # Ubuntu
   ```

---

## Troubleshooting

### LSP not starting
- Run `:LspInfo` to check LSP status
- Make sure language servers are installed via Mason

### Treesitter highlighting not working
- Run `:TSUpdate` to update/install parsers
- Check `:TSInstallInfo` for available parsers

### Telescope not working
- Ensure `ripgrep` is installed
- Check telescope log with `:Telescope log`

### DAP not connecting
- Ensure `debugpy` is installed: `pip install debugpy`
- Check `: DapLog` for debug logs

### Performance issues
- Check startup time with `:StartupTime`
- Disable unused plugins in `lua/plugins/init.lua`

---

This guide provides a complete Neovim IDE setup. Modify the configuration files to suit your preferences!