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Linux/BASH Skripte/Zugriff auf den Skript-Pfad in BASH.md
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## Einzeiler
```bash
SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
```
## Grundlegende Methoden
### 1. Einfache Variante mit `$0`
Linux/Hacks.md
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Effortless Folder Creation: You can create multiple directory combinations at once by using `mkdir -p` followed by the directory path with sections in curly braces. For example,
```bash
mkdir -p ./home/{a,b}/{x,y,z}.
```
Backtrack Fast: Instead of repeatedly typing `cd ..` to go back, simply use `cd -` to return to your previous directory immediately.
Bulk File Generation: Create a large range of numbered files in seconds using the touch command with braces. For example, `touch file{1..100}.txt` will instantly create 100 text files.
Real-time Log Monitoring: To watch a log file as it updates, use `tail -f [filename]`. The `-f` flag "follows" the file, so you see new lines of data as they are added in real-time.
Quick Command History: If you need to see your most recent actions, use history followed by a number (e.g., `history 5`) to display exactly that many of your last commands.
Linux/Meine Config.md
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* [[ssh Key erstellen]]
* [[mein fstab]]
* [[fstab]]
*
Linux/Yazi.md
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# Quick Start
Once you've [installed Yazi](https://yazi-rs.github.io/docs/installation), start the program with:
```
yazi
```
Press q to quit, F1 or ~ to open the help menu.
## Shell wrapper
We suggest using this `y` shell wrapper that provides the ability to change the current working directory when exiting Yazi.
- Bash / Zsh
- Fish
- Nushell
- POSIX
- Elvish
- PowerShell
- Command Prompt
- Xonsh
```
function y() { local tmp="$(mktemp -t "yazi-cwd.XXXXXX")" cwd command yazi "$@" --cwd-file="$tmp" IFS= read -r -d '' cwd < "$tmp" [ "$cwd" != "$PWD" ] && [ -d "$cwd" ] && builtin cd -- "$cwd" rm -f -- "$tmp"}
```
To use it, copy the function into the configuration file of your respective shell.
Then use `y` instead of `yazi` to start, and press q to quit, you'll see the CWD changed. Sometimes, you don't want to change, press Q to quit.
## Keybindings
tip
For all keybindings, see the [default `keymap.toml` file](https://github.com/sxyazi/yazi/blob/shipped/yazi-config/preset/keymap-default.toml).
### Navigation
To navigate between files and directories you can use the arrow keys ←, ↓, ↑ and → or Vim-like keys such as h, j, k, l:
|Key binding|Alternate key|Action|
|---|---|---|
|k|↑|Move the cursor up|
|j|↓|Move the cursor down|
|l|→|Enter hovered directory|
|h|←|Leave the current directory and into its parent|
Further navigation commands can be found in the table below.
|Key binding|Action|
|---|---|
|K|Seek up 5 units in the preview|
|J|Seek down 5 units in the preview|
|g ⇒ g|Move cursor to the top|
|G|Move cursor to the bottom|
|z|[Cd](https://yazi-rs.github.io/docs/configuration/keymap#mgr.cd) to a directory or [reveal](https://yazi-rs.github.io/docs/configuration/keymap#mgr.reveal) a file via fzf|
|Z|[Cd](https://yazi-rs.github.io/docs/configuration/keymap#mgr.cd) to a directory via zoxide|
|g ⇒ Space|[Cd](https://yazi-rs.github.io/docs/configuration/keymap#mgr.cd) to a directory or [reveal](https://yazi-rs.github.io/docs/configuration/keymap#mgr.reveal) a file via interactive prompt|
### Selection
To select files and directories, the following commands are available.
|Key binding|Action|
|---|---|
|Space|Toggle selection of hovered file/directory|
|v|Enter visual mode (selection mode)|
|V|Enter visual mode (unset mode)|
|Ctrl + a|Select all files|
|Ctrl + r|Inverse selection of all files|
|Esc|Cancel selection|
### File operations
To interact with selected files/directories use any of the commands below.
|Key binding|Action|
|---|---|
|o|Open selected files|
|O|Open selected files interactively|
|Enter|Open selected files|
|Shift + Enter|Open selected files interactively (some terminals don't support it yet)|
|Tab|Show the file information|
|y|Yank selected files (copy)|
|x|Yank selected files (cut)|
|p|Paste yanked files|
|P|Paste yanked files (overwrite if the destination exists)|
|Y or X|Cancel the yank status|
|d|Trash selected files|
|D|Permanently delete selected files|
|a|Create a file (ends with / for directories)|
|r|Rename selected file(s)|
|.|Toggle the visibility of hidden files|
Further file operation commands can be found in the table below.
|Key binding|Action|
|---|---|
|;|Run a shell command|
|:|Run a shell command (block until finishes)|
|-|Symlink the absolute path of yanked files|
|_|Symlink the relative path of yanked files|
|Ctrl + -|Hardlink yanked files|
### Copy paths
To copy paths, use any of the following commands below.
_Observation: c ⇒ d indicates pressing the c key followed by pressing the d key._
|Key binding|Action|
|---|---|
|c ⇒ c|Copy the file path|
|c ⇒ d|Copy the directory path|
|c ⇒ f|Copy the filename|
|c ⇒ n|Copy the filename without extension|
### Filter files
|Key binding|Action|
|---|---|
|f|Filter files|
### Find files
|Key binding|Action|
|---|---|
|/|Find next file|
|?|Find previous file|
|n|Go to the next found|
|N|Go to the previous found|
### Search files
|Key binding|Action|
|---|---|
|s|Search files by name using [fd](https://github.com/sharkdp/fd)|
|S|Search files by content using [ripgrep](https://github.com/BurntSushi/ripgrep)|
|Ctrl + s|Cancel the ongoing search|
### Sorting
To sort files/directories use the following commands.
_Observation: , ⇒ a indicates pressing the , key followed by pressing the a key._
|Key binding|Action|
|---|---|
|, ⇒ m|Sort by modified time|
|, ⇒ M|Sort by modified time (reverse)|
|, ⇒ b|Sort by birth time|
|, ⇒ B|Sort by birth time (reverse)|
|, ⇒ e|Sort by file extension|
|, ⇒ E|Sort by file extension (reverse)|
|, ⇒ a|Sort alphabetically|
|, ⇒ A|Sort alphabetically (reverse)|
|, ⇒ n|Sort naturally|
|, ⇒ N|Sort naturally (reverse)|
|, ⇒ s|Sort by size|
|, ⇒ S|Sort by size (reverse)|
|, ⇒ r|Sort randomly|
### Multi-tab
|Key binding|Action|
|---|---|
|t|Create a new tab with CWD|
|1, 2, ..., 9|Switch to the N-th tab|
|[|Switch to the previous tab|
|]|Switch to the next tab|
|{|Swap current tab with previous tab|
|}|Swap current tab with next tab|
|Ctrl + c|Close the current tab|
Linux/fstab.md
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# 🧭 Übersicht: `/etc/fstab` – Netzlaufwerke & SSHFS
Diese Datei enthält Einträge für automatisch eingehängte Netzlaufwerke.
Wichtig: Teste Änderungen **immer** mit
```bash
sudo mount -a
```
um Syntaxfehler zu erkennen, bevor du neustartest.
→ siehe [[fstab Grundlagen]]
---
## 🗂️ NAS-Laufwerke via NFS
```fstab
192.168.0.14:/volume1/Gemeinsam /mnt/nas/gemeinsam nfs nfsvers=3,rw,_netdev,noac,actimeo=0 0 0
```
**Annahmen:**
- NAS-IP: `192.168.0.14`
- Freigabe (Quelle): `/volume1/Gemeinsam`
- Lokaler Mountpoint (Ziel): `/mnt/nas/gemeinsam`
**Erläuterung der Optionen:**
- `nfsvers=3` → nutzt NFSv3 (älter, aber oft stabiler bei Synology)
- `rw` → Schreib-/Lesezugriff
- `_netdev` → mountet erst, wenn Netzwerk verfügbar ist
- `noac` → deaktiviert Client-Caching (nützlich bei Dateisynchronisierung, kann Performance senken)
- `actimeo=0` → setzt Cache-Timeout auf 0 (Dateiattribute werden immer neu gelesen)
👉 siehe [[NFS unter Linux]] und [[NFS Mount Optionen]]
💡 *Tipp:*
Bei neueren Systemen oder stabilen Netzwerken ist `nfsvers=4` meist die bessere Wahl. Beispiel:
```fstab
192.168.0.14:/volume1/Gemeinsam /mnt/nas/gemeinsam nfs nfsvers=4,rw,_netdev 0 0
```
📦 **Benötigtes Paket (Debian/Ubuntu):**
```bash
sudo apt install nfs-common
```
→ siehe [[NFS Client Installation]]
---
## ☁️ HiDrive via SFTP (SSHFS)
```fstab
mathias2784@sftp.hidrive.strato.com:/users/mathias2784 /mnt/hidrive fuse.sshfs defaults,_netdev,IdentityFile=/home/mathias/.ssh/id_ed25519,allow_other 0 0
```
**Erläuterung der Optionen:**
- `fuse.sshfs` → nutzt das FUSE-Modul für SSHFS
- `_netdev` → warte auf Netzwerk
- `IdentityFile=...` → Pfad zum SSH-Key
- `allow_other` → erlaubt Zugriff auch für andere Nutzer (Achtung: [[SSHFS Sicherheit]])
👉 siehe [[SSHFS unter Linux]] und [[HiDrive Konfiguration]]
💡 *Tipp:*
Füge optional `reconnect,ServerAliveInterval=15,ServerAliveCountMax=3` hinzu, damit die Verbindung stabil bleibt:
```fstab
mathias2784@sftp.hidrive.strato.com:/users/mathias2784 /mnt/hidrive fuse.sshfs _netdev,IdentityFile=/home/mathias/.ssh/id_ed25519,allow_other,reconnect,ServerAliveInterval=15,ServerAliveCountMax=3 0 0
```
📦 **Benötigtes Paket (Debian/Ubuntu):**
```bash
sudo apt install sshfs
```
→ siehe [[SSHFS Installation]]
---
## 🖥️ "Schneiderserver" via SSHFS
```fstab
root@schneiderserver.site:/root /mnt/strato_vm fuse.sshfs _netdev,IdentityFile=/home/mathias/.ssh/id_ed25519_strato_vm,allow_other 0 0
```
**Optionen wie oben**, jedoch:
- Zugriff als `root` nur wenn zwingend notwendig (besser: Benutzer mit begrenzten Rechten)
- Key-File ggf. mit restriktiven Rechten (`chmod 600`)
👉 siehe [[SSH Sicherheit]] und [[Root via SSH vermeiden]]
📦 **Benötigtes Paket (Debian/Ubuntu):**
```bash
sudo apt install sshfs
```
---
## ✅ Allgemeine Hinweise
- Testen: `sudo mount -a`
- Mounten einzelner Einträge:
```bash
sudo mount /mnt/hidrive
```
- Logs prüfen bei Problemen:
```bash
sudo journalctl -xe | grep sshfs
```
Weitere Themen: [[fstab Optionen Übersicht]], [[Mount Fehlerbehebung]], [[Systemd Automounts]]
privat/fstab.buntes_monster.md
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```bash
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
# / was on /dev/nvme0n1p2 during installation
UUID=4d4554dc-e3fc-499c-991c-074655585d11 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
# /boot/efi was on /dev/nvme0n1p1 during installation
UUID=FCBD-00BE /boot/efi vfat umask=0077 0 1
/swapfile none swap sw 0 0
UUID=04F6962EF6961FCA /mnt/anbau ntfs-3g defaults,umask=000,uid=1000,gid=1000 0 0
UUID=A8F0EC77F0EC4D5E /mnt/bilder ntfs-3g defaults,umask=000,uid=1000,gid=1000 0 0
UUID=5a603e70-aa52-405a-b86c-6b4def8d438f /mnt/spielplatz ext4 defaults 0 0
UUID=a642b8a8-2cdd-4635-a094-e408073a236d /mnt/mathieu ext4 defaults 0 2
#//192.168.0.14/Mathias /mnt/nas/mathias cifs credentials=/etc/secret.mathias.nas.smb,iocharset=utf8,uid=1000,gid=1000 0 0
#//192.168.0.14/Gemeinsam /mnt/nas/gemeinsam cifs credentials=/etc/secret.mathias.nas.smb,iocharset=utf8,uid=1000,gid=1000 0 0
192.168.0.14:/volume1/Mathias /mnt/nas/mathias nfs nfsvers=3,rw,_netdev,noac,actimeo=0 0 0
192.168.0.14:/volume1/Gemeinsam /mnt/nas/gemeinsam nfs nfsvers=3,rw,_netdev,noac,actimeo=0 0 0
mathias2784@sftp.hidrive.strato.com:/users/mathias2784 /mnt/hidrive fuse.sshfs defaults,_netdev,IdentityFile=/home/mathias/.ssh/id_ed25519,allow_other 0 0
root@schneiderserver.site:/root /mnt/strato_vm fuse.sshfs _netdev,IdentityFile=/home/mathias/.ssh/id_ed25519_strato_vm,allow_other 0 0
```